Karel van den Bosch (PhD) has been working as a Senior Research Scientist at TNO in the Netherlands. He retired in April 2026. He managed and conducted fundamental and applied research on the training of complex cognitive tasks (e.g. command & control, decision making, crisis management).

The objective of his work was to make simulation-based training more effective by designing cognitive software agents (e.g., agents playing the role of team mate, adversary, or instructor). He investigated how such agents can successfully support training, thus making training more systematic (uniform behaviour of agents), more effective (agents consistently eliciting intended behaviour of trainee), and more efficient (staff and team members need no longer be present during training).

He supervised PhD students on cognitive modelling for training simulations; self-explaining virtual agents; automatic direction of training scenarios; and on Human-AI Co-Learning for Human-Machine Teams.